Euro Exchange Rateေပꨣးမꨓ္းꨁꨰင္ꨀꨰꨓ္ꨲ
ပူိꨓ္ꨳေတꨁꨱꨓ္ꨲꨬမးꨟꨮ္ꨳမꨓ္းꨡူꨓ္ꨳ
ေပꨣးမꨓ္းꨡူꨓ္ꨳ
ပူိꨓ္ꨳေတထုပ္ꨵတꨱꨀ္းꨟꨮ္ꨳမꨓ္းꨕြင္။
မူိဝ္ꨳယꨤမ္းꨁုိꨀ္ꨵꨁꨰမ္ꨵ
ယꨤမ္းတုိꨀ္ꨵꨬꨓꨓမ္ꨵတိꨓ္မုိဝ္း
ꨘꨤင္ꨵꨅူိဝ္းꨅူိꨀ္ꨳ ꨡꨓ္ꨁꨱင္ꨳ ယြꨓ္ꨲယꨤꨓ္း
မꨓ္းမူိꨓ္တူင္ꨲꨟꨰဝ္ꨵ။ ။
ယꨤင္ပꨰꨓ္း
တူင္ꨲꨟꨰဝ္ꨵ
ꨅုိဝ္ꨳမူꨲလိꨀ္ꨳ: ဝြꨀ္း |
လꨯꨤးꨬမးသꨱင္ တꨣꨲꨁြမ္းလူင္ (To Manage "Sound Card" For PC Computer)
ꨅုိဝ္ꨳမူꨲလိꨀ္ꨳ: ꨁူိင္ꨳꨁြမ္း |
မူိဝ္ꨳသꨱင္ꨁြမ္းꨅဝ္ꨳꨀဝ္ꨲ လူꨵꨀꨮꨣꨲꨓꨓ္ꨵ လူဝ္ꨲသုိဝ္ꨵ "Sound Card" မꨣးသ္ꨮꨲပꨓ္ယူꨲယဝ္ꨵ။
တီꨳꨓꨯꨵ ေတမီးပꨓ္ꨟꨣ ꨡိတ္းꨡြꨓ္ꨡꨓ္ꨓုိင္ꨳ ꨓꨓ္ꨵꨬတꨵပꨱꨓ္ တꨣꨲေတꨬမးꨟꨮ္ꨳ "Sound Card" မꨓ္းꨟꨱတ္းꨀꨤꨓ္မꨣးꨓꨓ္ꨵယဝ္ꨵ။
လꨯꨤးꨟꨱတ္းꨟꨮ္ꨳ Sound Card" ꨟꨱတ္းꨀꨤꨓ္မꨣးꨓꨓ္ꨵꨅမ္ꨵ မူိꨓ္ꨓင္ꨲꨓꨯ-
ꨵ တꨱꨀ္းꨁꨮꨣꨲသ္ꨮꨲꨓူိဝ္ "My Computer"ေသ သုိပ္ꨲတꨱꨀ္းသꨯꨤꨵ သ္ꨮꨲꨓူိဝ္ထꨰဝ္လိꨀ္ꨳ ꨡꨓ္ဝꨣꨳ "Manage"ꨓုိင္ꨳꨀမ္း
2. ꨀꨮꨣꨲတꨱꨀ္းသꨯꨤꨵ သ္ꨮꨲꨓူိဝ္ထꨰင္လိꨀ္ꨳ "Device Manager"ꨓုိင္ꨳꨀမ္း
ꨵ သုိပ္ꨲတꨱꨀ္းꨁꨮꨣꨲ သ္ꨮꨲꨓူိဝ္ထꨰဝ္လိꨀ္ꨳ ꨡꨓ္ဝꨣꨳ "Realtek High Definition Audio"ေသ လူိꨀ္ꨳတꨱꨀ္းသꨯꨤꨵသ္ꨮꨲꨓူိဝ္ "Disable" ꨓုိင္ꨳꨀမ္း
ꨵ တꨱꨀ္း"Apply"ꨓုိင္ꨳꨀမ္း၊ သုိပ္ꨲတꨱꨀ္း OK
ꩀꨵ ꨁုိꨓ္းေတꨲပုိတ္ꨲꨁြမ္း [Restart Computer] ေသေꨀꨣꨳယဝ္ꨵယဝ္ꨵ။
When your computer's sound is broken, you should buy the
"Sound Card" that suitable for your computer system. Then
join it to your computer.
Here, even you puted the "Sound Card" to computer, "sound card"
will not work untill you managed the sytem.
To manage "sound" sytem is given as following-
1.right click on the "My Computer", then chose the letter " Manage"
2.find the word "Device Manager", then chose it
3.right click on the letter "Realtek High Definition Audio"
4.chose word "Disable"
5. apply
6. OK
7. must restart computer (finished)
ꨟꨮ္ꨳမီးတꨤင္းသူိဝ္းꨅ္ꨮ ꨀူꨳေꨀꨣꨵꨀူꨳꨅဝ္ꨳေသꨀမ္း
သꨰင္ꨁꨓ္ꨲ
လꨯꨤးꨬꨀꨳပꨓ္ꨟꨣ ꨟꨤင္ꨳꨕꨤင္ ꨁူိင္ꨳတိတ္းေတꨣꨲတꨤင္းꨓ္ꨮး (Local Connection Icon) မူိဝ္ꨳမꨓ္းꨟꨯꨤꨀꨮꨣꨲ ꨓူိဝ္ꨓꨣꨳꨁြမ္း
ꨅုိဝ္ꨳမူꨲလိꨀ္ꨳ: ꨁူိင္ꨳꨁြမ္း |မူိဝ္ꨳ ꨟꨤင္ꨳꨕꨤင္ ꨁူိင္ꨳတိတ္းေတꨣꨲတꨤင္းꨓ္ꨮး (Local Connection Icon) ꨡမ္ꨲꨬꨓပꨓ္ တီꨳꨓူိဝ္(bar)ꨓꨣꨳꨁြမ္းꨅုိင္၊
ꨵ ꨀꨮꨣꨲတီꨳ start
ꨵ ꨀꨮꨣꨲတီꨳ Control Panel
ꨵ ꨀꨮꨣꨲတီꨳ Network Connections
ꨵ ꨀꨮꨣꨲတꨱꨀ္းသ္ꨮꨲ ꨀမ္း တီꨳꨓူိဝ္ Local Area Connection
ꩀꨵ လူိꨀ္ꨳတꨱꨀ္း General
ꩁꨵ သုိပ္ꨲတꨱꨀ္း Properties
ꩂꨵ ꨀꨮꨣꨲꨁိတ္ꨲပꨓ္ꨓ္ꨮးလြꨀ္းꨡြꨓ္ ꨡꨓ္မီးဝꨯꨵꨕꨯꨤꨲꨓꨣꨳထꨰဝ္လိꨀ္ꨳ Show icon in notification area when connected
ꩃꨵ တꨱꨀ္း OK
When Local connection icon doesn't show on your bar, there you have to do something as shown the following;
First, go to > Start > Control Panel > Network Connections > double click on the "Local Area Connection" icon > chose the bottom "General" > press the bottom "Properties"> mark the "Show icon in notification area when connected > then press OK. (finished)
ꨟ္ꨮꨳယူꨲလီသူိဝ္းꨅ္ꨮ ꨀူꨳေꨀꨣꨵꨀူꨳꨅဝ္ꨳေသꨀမ္း
သꨰင္ꨁꨓ္ꨲ
ꨡူꨉ္းေꨀꨣꨵ
ꨅုိဝ္ꨳမူꨲလိꨀ္ꨳ: မူꨲလိꨀ္ꨳ |(Author By Ven. Pannabhoga)
uGmrf:erf:
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2. umeftefbmyf,zkdwf,eef.auj; ref:cmrf,pAwf:yefvh; (Wkuf uI> uaIjwd)? ulef:pof: ul;auj. ayj:oj;b[,rj:auj; ySif;eif,OSef:z[ymef ref: wD;z[pAif:ref:eef. N.wkdef:oj; rD:ej;umefoh.bl,Okdof;z[ wef:ref: trf,umefOkef,wlofauj; umefulef:wmif:erf N.uj; wkdef: ukrf,bkif;bmif; Omefcwf:qgrf:umefz[umef ref:bl,ul;rkdof. ul;oef:aw.bof.? e[:su;tefvh; bkif;qgrf:ej;umefz[umefref: bl,eef. zgif:rldof;pof:rD:vgif;bmyf,zkdwf, aOvgif;vgif; rD:yefpj aOyldifyldifrldof; pof:vlof,wmif:qhg;xSrfqldof:eef. ref:cmrf,oh.umef oh.imef:ref:aO bmyf,trf,oj;bmyf, Ndof.trf,cif:Ndof.? cmrf,Ndof. cmrf,rhg;cmrfbmyf,cmrf,zkdwf,? qgh;vldofwlnf:xkdifpof: trf,rkif;rgif:vmyf; vjzOifeldof pof:aO wlnf:xkdifqhg;xSrfpof:aw.aw.oj;oj;ehbof./
3. vgif;tefvDbldef.uef;bmyf,eef.auj; ref:bldef.uef;eldof pof: vh; (Wkufcr> crwd)? qgrf:vlnf;'dif; yldif;q[ykxkqef,pof:qmif;arjyAef qmif;vh; xlyf:rldefqldif. eif, zgif:rldof;rD:vgif; trf,wSuf,trf,vSif:eldofuef trf,eef rldof;vh;cmrf, wmif:yldef; aO,Olef:bj.uof:aO vh;bkrf, uGmrf:yldef;sv; vh;rD:vgif;xmif,zdwf: xmif,yldif;eldofuef trf,ygif,q[ eldofuefqldof:eef. Oifoj;rSef;rldof;pof: trf,vuf:trf,vSrfsv; vh;zdwf: rSef;uGj,eldofref:qldif.eefqkdif ref:arjbldef.uef;eldofpof: arjygif,q[eldofpof: trf,pefzdwf:pof: arjygh,omif:cGmif:yefpof: arjoh.q[uGmif;eldofpof:ehbof./
4. vgif;acj;Oldif,Odrf:Okef,wlof(secrete)ref:auj; ref:trf,xdrf,awj,pof:(UkOpOfO tjoduaIjwd)? ulef:pof:eh.trf,erfauj;at,vgif;Oldif,Odrf:Okef,wloftef oj;eef. wkdef:qmif;rD:bl,z[ref:bof.? awj,trf,vldofaOvgif; Oldif,Odrf:Okef,wlofref: bif:cmrf,pwf:xluf:tguf, rguf,vmwf;ae pof:vh;eh ayj:trf,bkrf,uefej,ej,ayj:ehqkdif wkdef:oj;trf, pwf:yef uefN.vj:vj:eef.bof.? wD;eh;Orf.ref:Orf.cmrf,pwf:vmwf; vgif;Oldif,Odrf:aepof:eef. ygif,oj;ref:bkrf,brfpof: aw.aw.oj;oj; qif,pwf:vmwf;bof.? tefeh.ref:aezmifpmif; tefauj.ekdif; rD:vgif;bkrf,brfqrfq[uefwArfNofymuf,bof.? Oifoj; auj.ekdif;sv; auj.ekdif; trf,rD:vgif;bkrf,brfuefqkdif wkdef:oj; tAef;auj.uefcmof: bmof:trf,vh; yh,qmif;yAeftlnf:auj.vDuefvh; vj:vj:eef.bof./
5. vgif;Oldif,Odrf:Okef,wlofpof:eef.auj; ref:arjOldif,Odrf: yef (UkOpOfO yIdUlpwd)? acj;eh.auj;ref:yAef Odeftefwkdof:urf bmyf,vlifOAef; ekdif;eif,uof,? bgef.yldof;oj; ulef:pof:urf;zgif; qmif;arjyAefq[ tefayj: vlof,yldef;yAefrAof: ekdif;ayj:trf,vlof, yldef;rj:Orf. qmif;vhm;xSif;vhm:ekdif; (rldof;vh; udefqgrf: yAefrAof:ekdif; rldof;trf,vh;udef qgrf:rj:Orf. yAefxSif;rAof:ekdif;)eef.bof./ zl;auj.teftof vgif;vDpof:uGj,ykdef zmof,aeyldef;eh.rD:at,? zl;auj.tefarjtof cmof,imof:vgif;trf,vD pof:uGj,vmwf;aeyldef;eh. trf,pjbmyf,aO tdwf:? tefeh.awvh; oj;yAefOzjoavjuvlifeh. tefekdif;bof./ ugyf;yldof;qmif;rD:qldif.Ehsv; ykwfxqof; trf,eef zl;rD:yh, nj,ykdef.N.cof rldefeif, TOj,eD,wdcofqSuf,szoh.oj;tlnf:auj.vD? tlnf:auj.uSuf: ehbof./ N.uefbl,ul;auj. vgif;oj;trf,vDcj.cldof: yldef; trf,vDvmwf; vgif; yldef;trf,vD ulnf:uj;ulef:bldef.vh;ref: trf,ayj:erfqldif.eif,oj; ulef: N.erfulef:urfat,eheef.bof./ wD;eh.Orf. ref:trf,uGj, cj.cldof:vgif;trf, vDpof:aeyldef;aOtrf,uj: ref:yhmqhg;Nrf,wlrf:yef rhmvyf.pof:ugef,ehbof./
6. nj:rldof;xlyf:az:cAefrj:auj; ref:trf,yhg,zj;ySwf;pof:aO wlnf:xkdifqhg;xSrfpof: (tjyWjOk e Qpwd)? rldof;zgif:tef trf,Omif,xkuf,sv;vh;wluf: udef:aO rD:bl, e[:su;cAef vh;Nyf.az:cAefbl,eef. ref:trf,ygh,ySwf;pof:aO cwf:q[qhg;uSwf,sc cwf:q[qhg; wkdwf.qefpof:tguf, ylef.vh;cmrf,qkef.aOpwf: awj,Ol;wmifpof:vh;ehbof.? eh.auj;trf, rD:q[tlnf:auj.vD eldofuefeSef,eSef, z[trf,pwf:qkef.wmifz[ eef.bof.? tdifeldofvufcej, tlnf:auj.vDrhmNuf:eh.aOTOj, eDwdauj;aeoh.oj;- ‘tlnf:auj.qldof:tef wlnf:xkdifrldof; bl,trf,vD? rldof; tkdyf:bmuf;? rldof;clof:cgifvl.Okrf:? rldof;xlyf:az:cAef? rldof; xkdifzuf:wlckef (rldof;ckdef; vkrf:)sv; urf:vkdef:Okwf:rj: rldof; xkdifyj,pAof; qldof:eh.ugef, qif,vh;oj;yAeftlnf:auj.vD’ehbof./
7. nj:rldof;yhm:rmuf;rD:pof:wluf:aO ugwf:pAef;bl,eef.auj; ref: wkdef:trf, xmif,vAuf.pof: (cDaEe ejwdrnfnwd)? erf.q[qldif.ehauj;pjbmyf, bl,/ xrf,rwj,ulef:pof: tefwkdef:yAefbl, rD:bl,wj,aOeef.sw.tlnf:auj.eh. uh.erfrldof;zgif:pof:wkduf. rmuf;wkduf.rD:? wkduf.vAif.vh;vlvh;? wkduf.yefwif:qhg;xSrf yldef;vh;rguf;eef.ulnf:? rldof;zgif:eif,eefeef. yD;egif. auj;wkdef:erf? tlnf:auj.tlnf:sO; auj;trf,pjbmyf,? tlnf:auj.r[,qldof:tefawc[;rj:rkdwf;ukdof: N.quf:xSif;auj; vldif,? uGj,wmif:v[ zSofxkdifv[auj; yAefulef:tefc[;Mif.pof: qlrf:vmwf;awj,pof:vhmvhm? rldof;zgif:eef. z[yAeftlnf:auj.aw.z[yAeftlnf:auj.ygrfeh wkduf.qSuf,uefbmyf,bl,? bgef.yldof;wkduf. rSef;zgif:tef qj,wj,ckdef;rmuf,tkdef; yAefcrf:clif:bl,eef.bof.? Oifc[;N.oj; auj.v[awyAef tlnf:aw. auj.v[awyAeftlnf:auj.ygrfehqkdif rSef;rldof; ul;qldof.ul; yldiftrf,rldefeif,q[eif,acj:aO tofyhm:rmuf;rD: pof:blyf;bgrf:uGj, wluf:vlif:uGj,sv; vh;tofyAefulef:ugwf:ulef:pAef;uGj,? xkdifwgef;tef qj,wj,vlif: crf:clif:yAef rmuf,tkdef;eef.rj:ugef,zl;auj. teftrf,tofq[yldif;eldofpof:? wkduf.puf.Mrfpof:? wkduf.uyf:Okdyf,wdwf:awj,pof:rldefuof,aOtrf,uj: trf,rD:vgif;xmif, vAuf.pof:aOOrf. yhm ckdef:qhg;xSrfwkdwf.qefpof:? yefwmif:q[tkef,pof:wj, aO,eef.bof. pof:awvh;N.oj; ref:yAeftlnf:auj.vD tlnf:auj.aw.ehbof./
zgef:vDvh;rD:tlnf:auj.vD
ykwfxqof;apj:oh.oj; ]]vgif;vh;rD:tlnf:auj.vDeh. umefvD umefrSwf;tefpof:yh, wgef.vh;pAwf:rSef;eef. qmif;vh;pAwf:Omif; rSef;rj:umefteftrf,rSwf; umefrlduf; umefvldif: qldof:tefbmrf;vh; pAwf: rj:qldof:eef.auj; qmif;pAwf:P;vlwf:bgrf: vlif:uGj,ehbof./ uAof,vlnf;vgif;tlnf:auj.vDeh.aO qof;tjeefWj bmrf;vof; vmwf;wD; ykwfxqof;oj; ‘Tzj:yAefqof;pof:wD;cj; ... ayj:rD:tlnf: auj.vD? ayj:vh;pAwf: auj.ulef:auj.tefrD:erf.q[vDehqkdifej; umeftefv[aOtrf,oj; wkdef:oj;rD:vgif;bof. wlof;uGj,ckdif;ekdif;aw. cj;aejqof;’ehbl,bof./ bmrf:eef. ykwfxqof;pof:qif,ckdef: wgyf,oj; ‘tjeefWj bj,ayoj;eef ayj:rD:tlnf:auj.vD? ayj: vh;pAwf:auj.ulef:auj. tefrD:erf.q[vDeh. umefOifaOtrf,oj; wkdef:oj;rD:vgif;bof.wlof; uGj,wif:rlwf:eef.bof. ’ehbof./ ykwfxqof;Okdyf,vmwf;aeuGj,oj; ‘rldefqldif.eif, Olvh;rj:xlyf: pefpAwf: auj.uofTzj:eh.sv; Olawtrf,vh;xlyf:az:uldwf,? xof;? yAef? whmxSif;qmwf;ej;eef.aO tgefuefMwf;xkdifwD; tefwefpjrgwf,phm tefMif.oj; ‘edoje’eef.uGj,z[ref:eef.bof. /
tlnf:auj.ygrf
rldefeif,rldof;pof:uGj,Okdof.clof:Okdof.cgif cldif;bdyf:wmif:wkdof:aO teftef ayj:trf,arjvlduf;ehqkdif qmif;nj:tefuSuf: tefygrf tefvSefeef. awj;eif,eefeif,uof, zgif:rldof;pof:vlduf;tlnf; auj.eef.auj; ayj:trf,arjvlduf;eh qmif;nj:tefuSuf: tefygrf tefvSefqldif.eefbof./ vlduf;nj:Okdof.nj:clof:cgifygrfeh. Vldof aOoj; ref:trf,ayj:vD trf,ayj:rD:erf.uwf.aO trf,ayj:q[.cmrf,eef. trf,ayj:rD:yefpjOifvlifvmifaOtrf,uj: wmif:qmif; rD:wD;q[.ref:bl,q[.umefvh;bl,yAefwD;yAeftgif;/ ulnf:uj;ayj:vlduf; nj:tlnf:auj.ygrfeh.sw. bj,ayoj;awvh;q[b[,ykdif;tdifcof cofbif:qmif;tgefpof: vl.Okrf:qgrf:cof ySwf;vhmqgrf: cofuGj,xSif;vl:ugef,/ wlofbmif,ref:rldefqldif.eif, tofwgifapj, yjsv;wgifauj;vh;qyf: thmcSof:yjuGj,qgrf:eef.bof./ eif,pkdofawtrf, vlduf;rSef;tlnf:auj.ygrfeef. tgefwmif:Okwf:awvh;vAyf; pAef:P;N.vh;zmifpmif; vufcej,tlnf:auj.ygrf tlnf:auj.uSuf: tlnf:auj.vSefqldof:eef.oh.bl,/ yldifzmifpmif;tlnf: auj.ygrfeef. ykwfxqof;pof: Oif,vmwf;oh.bl,wif:erfaOwj. wD;eh;sw. ulofvduf;Nofeh.bmof:ej,sv; awbgef:vlduf;tof tefpof:uh.pefuh. xlyf:ej,aOyldef; eef.urf;zgif;aO Oyf:vSif:uGj,rldefeif, aeoh.wD;w[;eh.bof. -
zmifpmif;vufcej,tlnf:auj.ygrf
• ]]tofvhmvhmuh.ej, trf,Ogef,wj,yefckdef:}}? wD;eh;eh.ygif,oj; auj.tefrldof; rj:trf,yj:Oifrj:aO ayj:ckdef:rldof:uGj,Orf. tofclof:cgifpof:rldof:uGj,wduf:wduf:? arjul;vhmvhmaOtrf, arjwSef:? arjbdrfvhmvhmaO trf,arjOlif,? arjtofvhmvhm trf,arjyef/
• ]]arjvmwf;P;q[ckdef; trf,yefbkdef;aOrAof:}}? auj.eh.Orf.ayj: tkyf,vhmvhmsw. pmif;ch;q[;q[;oh. rldefpmif;q[vDej,clof:cgifref:qldof:eef. pof:c[;rldof: tofq[.wkdof: rldof;v[auj;vh;? nj:rldof;pof:trf,rD: trf,wArfxlef;rj:auj; wkdef:oj;awqhg; awbkdef;awyefvh;ul;vgif;ulnf:uj; ayj:xkdifwD;aw.ref:rj:qkdif trf,vh;aOtef arjyef Olyf:yefuGmrf:vhmvhm vmwf; P;yldef;xmif,b[,vhmvhmulnf:/
• ]]arjtkyf,bgif;qgrf:vlrf: Ppof:qlrf:bkdef;P;}}? qldif.eif,uGmrf:wh:pof:oj; ]bgif;udef tmrf:udef}eheef. ayj:tmyf; rldefawvh;udefqgrf: trf,eefayj:vh;udefqgrf: sw.vyf: Nvyf:wjbgif;wduf:wduf: tmrf:wduf:wduf: tkyf,zmof:qgrf: vlrf:wmef,wmef,aO rkdof:sw.Omof:wduf:wduf: wmof:wduf: wduf:/
• ]]rldof;awauj,umefvldif: trf,bldif:tmef:awpmrf;}}? ayj:cof;qkdof;oj; yAefumefphm.umefrlduf; umefvldif:eh.bj,oj;awpmrf; wkdef:bgrf:yAeftlnf:auj.aO qhg;xSrfyefpSif: wj,aO,/
• ]]rldof;rj:yefekdif;Mh. Ohg.rldof:uGj,Omrfcef}}? rldefpmif;rD:erf.q[vDeldofpof: oh.? pAwf:uSif;yj:clof:wgef;tgef,tdwf:tD;aO rj:bkdef;rj:yefbl, ulnf:uj;rD:wmif: rkif;rgif:c[;vh;clof:cgif wD;pof:b[,b[,vlifvlif? clyf,rldof;rldof:ckdef:Orf. awj.tof rldof:uGj,erferf/
• ]]rldof;vDtrf,pefej; qj.rj:qif,xgifuef}}? rldof;vh;vDvh; yAefaOrD:vgif; uwf:bAefbl,eef. trf,wgef.ckuf:q[vh;? zldof,xlyf:wmif:rh;Orf.vSef;rj:pjpof:/
• ]]rldof;vlof,trf,pefej; ohm:rj:tkyf,Oifeef}}? zgif:rldof;pof: vlof,wmif: qhg;xSrf uAof,vlnf;ej;umefaO vgif;vgif;eef. trf,wgef.vh;pef ej;pefwjaOyguf; ulnf:uj; ohm:vifrj:tefyAefauj;ayj:yAefylef.bof.? bof.wlof;uGj,rllwf:bof.eef. Orf.uh.sv, rj:oj; ]Oifeef sw. ... OifuofN.sw. ... uofpAwf:yefvh;bl, uofqhg; yefvh;bl, ...}ehqldof:eh. rj:tgef;ogef:aepmif;zmifoj; ref:yAefulef:q[vD/
• ]]rldof;vhmvhmoj;awqgh; ayj:vlof,rj:arjtD,thg;cif:oj;trf,wef:}}? rldof; tkyf,uefvhmvhmsw. wkdef:wlof;wef:wj,aw qhg;xSrfpof:wj,aO,? vlof,rldof;v[auj; vmwf;rj:? ulnf:uj; ayj:vlof,rj:aw.sw. arjvdif.arjsv, cif:rAof:ekdif;rAof: Ogifpjwmif;so;ySwf;/
• ]]uh.aecldif;clof:r[, P;xmif,b[,cdif:ref:? ayj:bgef:bdrftrf, zgrf.vmwf;uSwf, vgrf.oh:oh:}}? arjtofclof:cgiftefekdif; bof. tefekdif;rj:ae rj:Orf,rj:rSef pAwf:P;pof: xmif,b[,aO bof.y[.uof:tofrldof;pof:xmif,b[,aO ykdif;tdif bgrf:pyf.ref: ulnf:uj; clof:cgiftefref:rD: tefref:uh.rj:aeqldof:eef. wkdef:oj;tef,wgef. yefwkdof:? yef bdrf? yeful;vj:vj:/
• ]]trf,arjwuf.zhm,ej; qmif;sv,cj.ohm:vif}}? rldof;N.rldof;pefpof:vmwf;rSef;? pAwf:rSef;vgif;tef trf,Omif, xkuf,aO teftefeef. trf,wgef.wuf.zhm,ej;? trf,wgef.arj yef'mif.pof:aOtrf,uj: Orf.yhmqmif;arjtofuGj,tkyf,zmof, cj.xkdifqkdof; pof:ohm:vif? pAwf:P;yldef;pefvD ref:aO P;yldef;pefzdwf:pof:/
e[:cofqldof:tef aerj:yj;eldofeh. yAefzmifpmif;tlnf: auj.ygrfvgef.vgef.bof.? Oifoj;vh;tAef;auj.uefwlnf:sv;vh; pefzmifpmif; tlnf:auj.ygrfqldof:eef. tguf,rj:ayj: ehqkdif ykwfx qof;oj; P;so;uhuhehbof./ ref:qof;yefwmif:pefxkdifoh.oj; wlduf; wD;oj;e[:wlif,olif:pdrf:Mrf: qof;uof,eef. pjtlnf:auj.vD trf,rD: ayj:ehqkdif zldof,wj.bl,pif:ulnf: auj.vAofeh.vDaOyldef;eh bof./
zgef:phm.vh;pAwf:auj.ulef:zdwf:
zgef:phm.vliftefvh;pAwf:auj.ulef:zdwf: teftrf,arj vlduf;auj.vD trf,vDeef. yldifwSuf;ref:wlnf:tofckefapjcrf: tqj wOwfwk (tqjwOmwf;) vh;vAef;auj.rSef;qof; awowwfw (qof;awowmwf;) eef.ulnf:auj;N.qSif;vDbl,/ wD;eh;pof:xkuf,vDtofwgef; Ogefqgrf: ckefapjcrf: tqjw Owfwkaw.aw.? ugyf;Oifsv;oj;eef rldof;zgif:eef. zl;tef vDawj,eldofzDeldofulef: tefcmrf,qkef.Okef,wlofaO pAwf:yef zgef:vDykef;wj, aoaebB Owfwoj,wif:OAif; tefrSwf;vldofyldef;wif:OAif; tefMif.oj; OrfrjOrfYkWfxTzj: yAefqof;pof:auj; zkwf:rj:yefrD:bl,wif:wlef? ckdwf:auj;Orf. ckdwf:bl,vDvD awoj;uloftrf, N.quf:Tzj:auj; auj.yAeftl; ref:qof;ckefapjcrf: ydrfydOjIeef. Orf.ayj:yAef tkyjOuj vDvlifTzj:yAefqof;aO xkdifpmef.ayj:vh; aOjwjyefe (aOj: wj,yef,)uGj,ugef,? wmrfwlofref:auj; Oifoj;ref:trf,vh;tof ayj;ref:whref:wkdef: rD:yjIrDtefxkdifyAefvh; aOjwyefeqldif.eif,ayj;ref:qof;eif,uof, pAwf:Oifsv;xkdif wD;ref:qof; Orf.ayj:vh;cjzDayj;qof;auB:ql:ref:qof; awj,xkdifayj;ref:qof;ayj: vh;OAif;Ohmq[uGj,? wlofref:qhm:auj;vh;xkuf,rSef; ydwkcjwuurfraOohm:ref;qof; egef:sz:bof. xkdifwD;vh;wluf:xkdif rldif:iIhm:uGj,ugef,vj,? ayj:xwf:Omifwlnf: vDvDqkdifyduf.Orf.oj; ref:qof;rD:umrf, rD:rkefvDaO vh;rj:uldwf,yAefulef:aOtrf,uj: Orf.yhmvh;rj:uldwf,yAefvkuf;qhm: ckefapjcrf:vlif yAefauj.bl, aOwj.auj;bgef.yldof; oj;pAwf:auj.rSef;ulef:zdwf:? vlduf;nj:tlnf: auj.zdwf:? tlnf:auj.ygrf? ref:qof;trf,arjqSuf,arjvlduf; arjwlnf:Ohmihmulef: z[vDz[rlduf;qArfrldof;ref:qof; yh,vh;ruf:ref;oj;yAefauj.tefukdif, vDbkrf,brfwj,ref:eef.sv; ukdif.uif.bkrf,ihm; aOuGj,bkrf,brfpAwf: auj.rSef;zl;rlduf;vlifawowwfwtef tmif;tofTzj:whmaO tmef: ckdef;yAefTzj:eef.bof./
acj;vlyf:vkdef:
uGmrf;wh:rD:oh.oj;]q[ulef:trf,Nrf;xlnf; urf;zgif;ch;udefulnf;uyf:uldof} ehbof.? ygif,oj;ulef:ekdif;auj.auj;yAefq[ekdif;OAef; wkdef:trf,qmif;rldefuefvh; auj.ekdif;sv;auj.ekdif; yhm:olef.auj;trf,rldefuef? wmif:bmrf;wmif:Olifauj; ySuf,yldif;uef? wmif:pAwf; wmif:Omif;auj;N.wkdef:uGj,uefoh.bl,? ugyf;eefsv; tdifeldof vgif;tef trf,rldefuefeef.aO qif,qmif;rD:rj:vh; ulef:vD ulef:phm.bof./ awj;trf,yh,oj;ulef:auj.ekdif;sv;auj.ekdif; rD:vgif; ySuf,yldif;uefvl:ugef, awj;wlofvAofq[vAoftgef,pof:eh.ulnf:auj; tdifeldofcmof:bmrf: aOsv;Oif? tdifeldofpdrf:Mrf: aOsv;Oif bif:qmif;arj;ydef,ySif;vSuf;vhm;uGj,bl,? ugyf; yldof;wkdef:qmif;rD:vgif; vSuf;vhm;eif,eefsv; vgif;vSuf;vhm;eef. bj,ayP; yAefvgif;vSuf; vhm;tefvkuf.wD;O[aObAef:yAef ckef, P;vh;yAefvgif;vSuf;vhm;tef vkuf.wD;ckef,aObAef:O[aO q[zlduf,qkdef;cmofO[tgef, tefyh,wgef.bmrf;vh;wAef;cgef: qgrf: tlnf:auj.rlduf;vldif:aO bif:wkduf.edrf vDbl,qgef:qgef:eef.sv;Oif? tefwgef.bmrf;vh;ekdifwlif.aO ydofzlif.uGj,qgrf:tlnf: auj.rlduf;r[;qldof:eef.sv;Oif eif,pkdofref: Orf.ayj:awtrf, vh;Ndif;vh;uldif:uGj,ql:tlnf:auj.rlduf; P;Orf. ayj:arjvlduf;uGj, pjNrf;Mrf:vlnf;qgrf:tlnf:auj.vD? tlnf:auj.aw.? tlnf:auj.qSwf; qmif,eef. zl;wSrf;vduf;q[rmif,rkif;rgif:oj; vduf;Mrfwgrftgef, Nofeh.awqhg;yef'mif. rldefeif,vSrfpmof:tgef,ekdif;vSrf;wj, ymif.bdyf:qef yefwmif:urf.xSrf wj,zl; vlvduf;pof:cof P;ayj:qSuf,szvh; auj.v[awtgefvD? auj.v[awtgefcDehaO P;tgef uefrD: wmif:ckdef;b[,r[,Okifvlnf;qgrf: tlnf:auj.vD z[ref:aOurf: vlnf;/ /
zkdeftdif
1. tifukwfwIedujbyjvd tdwf,wD;urf,zjat:wj;ukif;? yD
2. wDcedujbyjvd
3. Orfbkwfwedujbyjvd
4. qlvoufuyjvd
5. xrfrywyjvd
6. ckwfwuedujbyjvd
7. cmof:wmif:OD,Nof,rhm-9? tdwf,wD;wj;ukif;? rldof;yD 2007
8. vjueD,wdydef,wh:sv;acj;Oyf:vSif:ref:? qof;eef,worf,O (xrf,rj,qIdb?M.A)tdwf,wD;qmuf;tdwf,vduf;rguf,ul,Ohg;vSif? OAef; wmif:yBD,wj;ukif;? yDwh: - 2093
9. Dale Carnegie, How to win friends & Influence people, Pocket Books New York London Toronto Sydney, September 1982
wSrf;- qof;ynfnjazju rgef:wh: (erf.vef;)
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rl,vduf;plofeh. cof;yj:e[:yyf. cmof:wmif:OD,plof, rhm-11 eef.aO rldif:cldof:eSwf.pof:cj; vh;bgef:teknmwf. (acj;cGmif:yef) wD;qof;zl;wSrf;vduf; qof;cl:yef,nj,azj:uaO rD:acj;bldif:tmef: wj,yD;egif.wh:pof: qldof:tmefbl,uh qldof:tefyh,vh; vltmef,rSef;eef.aO qif,vh;ckdef: tofykdefszrj:eif,ehcj;bof./ Oifoj;c[;vl, c[;pefacj;urf.acj;bef (zkwf.elwf.) rl,vduf;eh.qkdif uGj,pjvltmeftof e[:yyf.cmof:wmif:OD,plof, rhm-11eef.aOurf:cj;/)
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wj,awrD:tlnf:auj.vDerferfeef. pof:Orf.awvh;pAwf:pkdofpj? Orf.vlof,vh; rD:erf.uwf.qldif.pkdof? ayj:rD:ikdef:crf:erferfugef, qif,awqmif;rD:tlnf:auj.vDpj.? ayj:pmif;vDzmifimrf:ugef, yldef;qif,awc[;rkdwf;pof:ehpkdof trf,eef rldofv[yh, nj,vgif;qmif; wmif:arjwArfwlofpof:oh.ugef,se, acj;wgyf,ref:sw. oj;]]trf,? yh, q[;yldifvliftefvrf,vgif;xdOkwf:ref:ugef,}}? yduf.Orf.oj;tefyAef]idkef:crf:? pmif;zmif sv;yh,nj,vgif;qmif;wmif:arj}eh. yAeftefvrf,vgif;wj,ulef: pof:ul;auj.bl, aOwj.auj; ulnf:uj; wj,aw pAwf:P;rD:tlnf:auj.erfeh. ref:yh,bl,wD;tefvrf,vgif;xdekdif; vh;? Oifc[;rD:tlnf:auj.erfehqkdif trf,wmyf;vlof,vh; vlif:wkdef: vmif:erf? trf,wmyf;vlof,Ogef,pmif;Ogef,zmifOif? vldofaOeef. trf,wmyf;vlof,vh; qlyf:qkrf; qlyf:cl:tD;OifvlifwD;v[rj:? yldifvlifref: 1. vlof,rD:erf.q[vDq[uGmif;? 2. vlof,arjvmwf;uGmrf:vD uGmrf:omef(Okzj Odwojqj)uGmrf:tefvDpuf.vDySif:(ydbojqj)sv; 3. trf,ayj:xD,ayj:eAof rguf;eh.ulnf:auj;ukrf,xlef;bof./ tlnf:auj.erftrf,erfeh. ref:uAof,uyf:vlnf; vgif;oh.omif: q[pof:uGmif;trf,uGmif;? vgif;pAwf:wmif:Omif;? wmif:vmwf;wmif:qj sv;wmif:bmrf;pof:wif:ykduf:? qkdifOrf.c[;rD:tlnf:auj.erfbl, ulnf: ukrf,rgif:y[.xj;P;yldef;rj:pjpof:ulnf:sw.rD:vh;bmyf,bl,? xkif:uGmrf:wh: rD:oh.oj; ]tefuGj,tefrj:}ehsv; ayj:rD:tefuGj,qif,qmif;rD:tef rj:eef.bof./ ayj:pof:arj cof;q[eldofyldef; oh.erf.euf:yldef;tgef wmif:ugef, yldef;qif,awcof;q[eldofpof: oh.erf.euf:pof:rj:? ayj:pof:ukdof;pjyldef;ugef, yldef;qif,ugh;uj;pkdofpof:? ayj:pof:trf,okdof;pj yldef;auj; yldefawtrf,oj;pkdofpof:eef.bof./ aw:vfcj,se.uBD, wSrf;oh.oj; ]]tefqof;uof,cof;q[eldofyldef; (oh.erf.euf:yldef;) rguf;Ogif vldefeef. qAof:xkdifwD;aO tefqof;uof,cwf:q[pAwf:P; yldef;cof;q[ qof;uof, (oh.erf.euf:qof;uof,) rguf;OgifyDeef. ugef,}} ehbof./
P;arjqSuf,arjvlduf;tlnf:auj.vDtrf,vD
uj;yAefulef:qldof:tefpof:vh;xlyf:pef? uj;yAefulef:tefrj: bkrf.iSef;awj,pof: uj;tofrj:pAwf:tlnf:auj.vDpof:rlwf:rlwf:trf,vh;? ulef:auj.v[ukdif,vDtAef;auj. ulef:auj.v[trf,ukdif,vD tAef;auj.? auj.v[ukdif,vDbkrf, auj.v[trf,ukdif,vDbkrf,ehOrf. rD:xSif;ugef,/ awvh;vlduf;vDvDaOqif,ugh;ruf:ref;oj; yAeftlnf:auj.vDpof:bof./ z[z[auj;wkdef:bmrf;rD:tlnf:auj.z[ref:bl, ulnf:uj;e[:tlnf:auj. z[ref:qldof:eef. ayj:rj:qSuf,wlnf:ehawvh; pefrD:oh.zmifpmif; (vufcej)tlnf:auj.Ogifyldif? eef.sw.yAef tlnf:auj.vDsv; tlnf:auj.uSuf:ehbof./ ugyf;yldof;rD:qldif.eefsv; eif,pkdofawtrf, pAwf:auj.rSef;ulef:zdwf:eef. ykwfxqof; qif,Oif,Ogef qD.ae OAef;wmif:oh.oj;]taOoejq yjvje>? Yefwdwjenfq aOoej- P;ildif.so;ulef:rlduf;? P;vlduf;pAwf:auj. ulef:vD} ehbof./
ugyf;eefsv; tlnf:auj.tefoj;eh. ref:wkdef:vrf,vgif; wj,ulef:pof:aw.aw.sv; qArfrldof; Nofykdif:pof:yh,vh;vlduf; yh,vh;ruf: ref;oj;yAeftlnf:auj.vD tlnf:auj.qrfq[pof:eef. pof:xkuf,vD olef.xwf:Omif vAyf;pAef:wlnf:ykdef:Ohmihmauj.tefpof:awvlduf; yAeftlnf: auj.vDpof:eef.vDvDimrf:imrf:tgefwmif:ugef, qif,ugh;bgrf:pyf. ruf:ref;yAeftlnf: auj.vDpof:eef.vDaOyldef;bof./ wj,awvlduf;yAeftlnf:auj.vDpof:eef.Orf. awvh;pAwf: pkdofvlduf; vj,ayj:ehqkdif- tgefwmif:Okwf:sw. N.uj;wkdef:awvh;vAef; auj.wlnf: tgefwmif:bl, ulnf:uj;bj,ayzlrf;eSwf;bkrf,yldef;wArf Nofymuf, (bj,bkrf,yldef;ihm;) ayj:vAef;auj.uefpkdifrj:auj; awqmif;N.vgif; uefrj:vhg:vhg:? vldofaOeef. tefyAefwif:bmrf; (habit)cgifwlof uof,z[ref:eef.auj; awqmif;arjtguf, aeuef rj:vhg:vhg:trf,pmif.? ayj:N.vgif;ueferfrj:ugef, qif,awqmif;wSyf: wwf:qif, awqmif;vlduf;bof./ acj;tefoj; “tlnf:auj.vDtrf,vD vAef;auj.uefOmrf yDqif,N.”tefoj; eef. c[;oj;wD;qldif.eheh. bof./
ykef;wj,awvlduf;tlnf:auj. P;ayj:Omif,xkuf,ykef;wj,e[: zoz[ref:eef. ykwfxqof;pof: ayj:apj:oh. yefpof:wD;e[:ydw uwf xrf:qof;vDimrf:bl,? ref:qof;trf,ugrf.ulnf: vmwf;aeoh. vgif;tlnf:auj.vD tlnf:auj.aw.vgif;vAofulnf: ref:qof;wkdef: qSif;aeyj: zmifpmif;(vufcej)tlnf:auj.uSuf: tlnf:auj.phm. tlnf:auj. ygrfoh.yefpof:ul;qldof. ul;vgif;/ wD;eh;awaezmifpmif; tlnf:auj.vDtgefwmif:ugef,/
zmifpmif;vufcej,tlnf:auj.vDqAwf:yldif
1. clof:cgiftefyldef;trf,wgef. wgef;uefyefuefvhmvhmvh;eef. ref:wgef;vh;yefvh; (WkWfWW> WWjwd)? wD;eh;eh.ayj:ref:trf, q[;auj.tefcof;q[ rD:erf.q[vD eldofpof: ref:rD:Oif vh;udefOif vh;ekif;Oif vh;qmrf,ylnf;wmif: uwf:bAefOldof: Oj,qldif.pkdofauj; c[;P;pof:rD:c[;P;pof:vh;udefvh; ekif;vh;qmrf,ylnf;qldif. eif,ref:eef.ayj:ehqkdif ref:wkdef:aw trf,wgef;vh; yefvh;? ugyf;Oifsv;oj;eef Ozjoulef:pof:eh. wkdef:puf.clof:cgifqof;uof,ul;auj. clof:cgifqof;uof,eef. ekdif;ref: pmif;vDuj;pkdof ekdif;ref:uj;cefb[,uj;pkdof ekdif;ref:pjbmyf,uj;pkdof auj; ekdif;cSef:wldof:puf.Mrfuj;emef.eef.bof./ ekdif;qof;uof, wldof:puf.uj;pkdof ekdif;trf,c[;yefzmwf,qof;uof,uj;emef.? wlduf;wD;oj; Orf.ayj:cmrf,wkduf:ySwf;q[ wdwf:Mh;eldofclof:cgif (Orf,abj: qef,)ref: aOwgef;pof:vh;yef pof:vh;eef.sv; ykwfxqof; qif,ruf:ref;oh.oj;yAefvufcej,tlnf: auj.vDrhmekdif;eef.bof./
2. umeftefbmyf,zkdwf,eef.auj; ref:cmrf,pAwf:yefvh; (Wkuf uI> uaIjwd)? ulef:pof: ul;auj. ayj:oj;b[,rj:auj; ySif;eif,OSef:z[ymef ref: wD;z[pAif:ref:eef. N.wkdef:oj; rD:ej;umefoh.bl,Okdof;z[ wef:ref: trf,umefOkef,wlofauj; umefulef:wmif:erf N.uj; wkdef: ukrf,bkif;bmif; Omefcwf:qgrf:umefz[umef ref:bl,ul;rkdof. ul;oef:aw.bof.? e[:su;tefvh; bkif;qgrf:ej;umefz[umefref: bl,eef. zgif:rldof;pof:rD:vgif;bmyf,zkdwf, aOvgif;vgif; rD:yefpj aOyldifyldifrldof; pof:vlof,wmif:qhg;xSrfqldof:eef. ref:cmrf,oh.umef oh.imef:ref:aO bmyf,trf,oj;bmyf, Ndof.trf,cif:Ndof.? cmrf,Ndof. cmrf,rhg;cmrfbmyf,cmrf,zkdwf,? qgh;vldofwlnf:xkdifpof: trf,rkif;rgif:vmyf; vjzOifeldof pof:aO wlnf:xkdifqhg;xSrfpof:aw.aw.oj;oj;ehbof./
3. vgif;tefvDbldef.uef;bmyf,eef.auj; ref:bldef.uef;eldof pof: vh; (Wkufcr> crwd)? qgrf:vlnf;'dif; yldif;q[ykxkqef,pof:qmif;arjyAef qmif;vh; xlyf:rldefqldif. eif, zgif:rldof;rD:vgif; trf,wSuf,trf,vSif:eldofuef trf,eef rldof;vh;cmrf, wmif:yldef; aO,Olef:bj.uof:aO vh;bkrf, uGmrf:yldef;sv; vh;rD:vgif;xmif,zdwf: xmif,yldif;eldofuef trf,ygif,q[ eldofuefqldof:eef. Oifoj;rSef;rldof;pof: trf,vuf:trf,vSrfsv; vh;zdwf: rSef;uGj,eldofref:qldif.eefqkdif ref:arjbldef.uef;eldofpof: arjygif,q[eldofpof: trf,pefzdwf:pof: arjygh,omif:cGmif:yefpof: arjoh.q[uGmif;eldofpof:ehbof./
4. vgif;acj;Oldif,Odrf:Okef,wlof(secrete)ref:auj; ref:trf,xdrf,awj,pof:(UkOpOfO tjoduaIjwd)? ulef:pof:eh.trf,erfauj;at,vgif;Oldif,Odrf:Okef,wloftef oj;eef. wkdef:qmif;rD:bl,z[ref:bof.? awj,trf,vldofaOvgif; Oldif,Odrf:Okef,wlofref: bif:cmrf,pwf:xluf:tguf, rguf,vmwf;ae pof:vh;eh ayj:trf,bkrf,uefej,ej,ayj:ehqkdif wkdef:oj;trf, pwf:yef uefN.vj:vj:eef.bof.? wD;eh;Orf.ref:Orf.cmrf,pwf:vmwf; vgif;Oldif,Odrf:aepof:eef. ygif,oj;ref:bkrf,brfpof: aw.aw.oj;oj; qif,pwf:vmwf;bof.? tefeh.ref:aezmifpmif; tefauj.ekdif; rD:vgif;bkrf,brfqrfq[uefwArfNofymuf,bof.? Oifoj; auj.ekdif;sv; auj.ekdif; trf,rD:vgif;bkrf,brfuefqkdif wkdef:oj; tAef;auj.uefcmof: bmof:trf,vh; yh,qmif;yAeftlnf:auj.vDuefvh; vj:vj:eef.bof./
5. vgif;Oldif,Odrf:Okef,wlofpof:eef.auj; ref:arjOldif,Odrf: yef (UkOpOfO yIdUlpwd)? acj;eh.auj;ref:yAef Odeftefwkdof:urf bmyf,vlifOAef; ekdif;eif,uof,? bgef.yldof;oj; ulef:pof:urf;zgif; qmif;arjyAefq[ tefayj: vlof,yldef;yAefrAof: ekdif;ayj:trf,vlof, yldef;rj:Orf. qmif;vhm;xSif;vhm:ekdif; (rldof;vh; udefqgrf: yAefrAof:ekdif; rldof;trf,vh;udef qgrf:rj:Orf. yAefxSif;rAof:ekdif;)eef.bof./ zl;auj.teftof vgif;vDpof:uGj,ykdef zmof,aeyldef;eh.rD:at,? zl;auj.tefarjtof cmof,imof:vgif;trf,vD pof:uGj,vmwf;aeyldef;eh. trf,pjbmyf,aO tdwf:? tefeh.awvh; oj;yAefOzjoavjuvlifeh. tefekdif;bof./ ugyf;yldof;qmif;rD:qldif.Ehsv; ykwfxqof; trf,eef zl;rD:yh, nj,ykdef.N.cof rldefeif, TOj,eD,wdcofqSuf,szoh.oj;tlnf:auj.vD? tlnf:auj.uSuf: ehbof./ N.uefbl,ul;auj. vgif;oj;trf,vDcj.cldof: yldef; trf,vDvmwf; vgif; yldef;trf,vD ulnf:uj;ulef:bldef.vh;ref: trf,ayj:erfqldif.eif,oj; ulef: N.erfulef:urfat,eheef.bof./ wD;eh.Orf. ref:trf,uGj, cj.cldof:vgif;trf, vDpof:aeyldef;aOtrf,uj: ref:yhmqhg;Nrf,wlrf:yef rhmvyf.pof:ugef,ehbof./
6. nj:rldof;xlyf:az:cAefrj:auj; ref:trf,yhg,zj;ySwf;pof:aO wlnf:xkdifqhg;xSrfpof: (tjyWjOk e Qpwd)? rldof;zgif:tef trf,Omif,xkuf,sv;vh;wluf: udef:aO rD:bl, e[:su;cAef vh;Nyf.az:cAefbl,eef. ref:trf,ygh,ySwf;pof:aO cwf:q[qhg;uSwf,sc cwf:q[qhg; wkdwf.qefpof:tguf, ylef.vh;cmrf,qkef.aOpwf: awj,Ol;wmifpof:vh;ehbof.? eh.auj;trf, rD:q[tlnf:auj.vD eldofuefeSef,eSef, z[trf,pwf:qkef.wmifz[ eef.bof.? tdifeldofvufcej, tlnf:auj.vDrhmNuf:eh.aOTOj, eDwdauj;aeoh.oj;- ‘tlnf:auj.qldof:tef wlnf:xkdifrldof; bl,trf,vD? rldof; tkdyf:bmuf;? rldof;clof:cgifvl.Okrf:? rldof;xlyf:az:cAef? rldof; xkdifzuf:wlckef (rldof;ckdef; vkrf:)sv; urf:vkdef:Okwf:rj: rldof; xkdifyj,pAof; qldof:eh.ugef, qif,vh;oj;yAeftlnf:auj.vD’ehbof./
7. nj:rldof;yhm:rmuf;rD:pof:wluf:aO ugwf:pAef;bl,eef.auj; ref: wkdef:trf, xmif,vAuf.pof: (cDaEe ejwdrnfnwd)? erf.q[qldif.ehauj;pjbmyf, bl,/ xrf,rwj,ulef:pof: tefwkdef:yAefbl, rD:bl,wj,aOeef.sw.tlnf:auj.eh. uh.erfrldof;zgif:pof:wkduf. rmuf;wkduf.rD:? wkduf.vAif.vh;vlvh;? wkduf.yefwif:qhg;xSrf yldef;vh;rguf;eef.ulnf:? rldof;zgif:eif,eefeef. yD;egif. auj;wkdef:erf? tlnf:auj.tlnf:sO; auj;trf,pjbmyf,? tlnf:auj.r[,qldof:tefawc[;rj:rkdwf;ukdof: N.quf:xSif;auj; vldif,? uGj,wmif:v[ zSofxkdifv[auj; yAefulef:tefc[;Mif.pof: qlrf:vmwf;awj,pof:vhmvhm? rldof;zgif:eef. z[yAeftlnf:auj.aw.z[yAeftlnf:auj.ygrfeh wkduf.qSuf,uefbmyf,bl,? bgef.yldof;wkduf. rSef;zgif:tef qj,wj,ckdef;rmuf,tkdef; yAefcrf:clif:bl,eef.bof.? Oifc[;N.oj; auj.v[awyAef tlnf:aw. auj.v[awyAeftlnf:auj.ygrfehqkdif rSef;rldof; ul;qldof.ul; yldiftrf,rldefeif,q[eif,acj:aO tofyhm:rmuf;rD: pof:blyf;bgrf:uGj, wluf:vlif:uGj,sv; vh;tofyAefulef:ugwf:ulef:pAef;uGj,? xkdifwgef;tef qj,wj,vlif: crf:clif:yAef rmuf,tkdef;eef.rj:ugef,zl;auj. teftrf,tofq[yldif;eldofpof:? wkduf.puf.Mrfpof:? wkduf.uyf:Okdyf,wdwf:awj,pof:rldefuof,aOtrf,uj: trf,rD:vgif;xmif, vAuf.pof:aOOrf. yhm ckdef:qhg;xSrfwkdwf.qefpof:? yefwmif:q[tkef,pof:wj, aO,eef.bof. pof:awvh;N.oj; ref:yAeftlnf:auj.vD tlnf:auj.aw.ehbof./
zgef:vDvh;rD:tlnf:auj.vD
ykwfxqof;apj:oh.oj; ]]vgif;vh;rD:tlnf:auj.vDeh. umefvD umefrSwf;tefpof:yh, wgef.vh;pAwf:rSef;eef. qmif;vh;pAwf:Omif; rSef;rj:umefteftrf,rSwf; umefrlduf; umefvldif: qldof:tefbmrf;vh; pAwf: rj:qldof:eef.auj; qmif;pAwf:P;vlwf:bgrf: vlif:uGj,ehbof./ uAof,vlnf;vgif;tlnf:auj.vDeh.aO qof;tjeefWj bmrf;vof; vmwf;wD; ykwfxqof;oj; ‘Tzj:yAefqof;pof:wD;cj; ... ayj:rD:tlnf: auj.vD? ayj:vh;pAwf: auj.ulef:auj.tefrD:erf.q[vDehqkdifej; umeftefv[aOtrf,oj; wkdef:oj;rD:vgif;bof. wlof;uGj,ckdif;ekdif;aw. cj;aejqof;’ehbl,bof./ bmrf:eef. ykwfxqof;pof:qif,ckdef: wgyf,oj; ‘tjeefWj bj,ayoj;eef ayj:rD:tlnf:auj.vD? ayj: vh;pAwf:auj.ulef:auj. tefrD:erf.q[vDeh. umefOifaOtrf,oj; wkdef:oj;rD:vgif;bof.wlof; uGj,wif:rlwf:eef.bof. ’ehbof./ ykwfxqof;Okdyf,vmwf;aeuGj,oj; ‘rldefqldif.eif, Olvh;rj:xlyf: pefpAwf: auj.uofTzj:eh.sv; Olawtrf,vh;xlyf:az:uldwf,? xof;? yAef? whmxSif;qmwf;ej;eef.aO tgefuefMwf;xkdifwD; tefwefpjrgwf,phm tefMif.oj; ‘edoje’eef.uGj,z[ref:eef.bof. /
tlnf:auj.ygrf
rldefeif,rldof;pof:uGj,Okdof.clof:Okdof.cgif cldif;bdyf:wmif:wkdof:aO teftef ayj:trf,arjvlduf;ehqkdif qmif;nj:tefuSuf: tefygrf tefvSefeef. awj;eif,eefeif,uof, zgif:rldof;pof:vlduf;tlnf; auj.eef.auj; ayj:trf,arjvlduf;eh qmif;nj:tefuSuf: tefygrf tefvSefqldif.eefbof./ vlduf;nj:Okdof.nj:clof:cgifygrfeh. Vldof aOoj; ref:trf,ayj:vD trf,ayj:rD:erf.uwf.aO trf,ayj:q[.cmrf,eef. trf,ayj:rD:yefpjOifvlifvmifaOtrf,uj: wmif:qmif; rD:wD;q[.ref:bl,q[.umefvh;bl,yAefwD;yAeftgif;/ ulnf:uj;ayj:vlduf; nj:tlnf:auj.ygrfeh.sw. bj,ayoj;awvh;q[b[,ykdif;tdifcof cofbif:qmif;tgefpof: vl.Okrf:qgrf:cof ySwf;vhmqgrf: cofuGj,xSif;vl:ugef,/ wlofbmif,ref:rldefqldif.eif, tofwgifapj, yjsv;wgifauj;vh;qyf: thmcSof:yjuGj,qgrf:eef.bof./ eif,pkdofawtrf, vlduf;rSef;tlnf:auj.ygrfeef. tgefwmif:Okwf:awvh;vAyf; pAef:P;N.vh;zmifpmif; vufcej,tlnf:auj.ygrf tlnf:auj.uSuf: tlnf:auj.vSefqldof:eef.oh.bl,/ yldifzmifpmif;tlnf: auj.ygrfeef. ykwfxqof;pof: Oif,vmwf;oh.bl,wif:erfaOwj. wD;eh;sw. ulofvduf;Nofeh.bmof:ej,sv; awbgef:vlduf;tof tefpof:uh.pefuh. xlyf:ej,aOyldef; eef.urf;zgif;aO Oyf:vSif:uGj,rldefeif, aeoh.wD;w[;eh.bof. -
zmifpmif;vufcej,tlnf:auj.ygrf
• ]]tofvhmvhmuh.ej, trf,Ogef,wj,yefckdef:}}? wD;eh;eh.ygif,oj; auj.tefrldof; rj:trf,yj:Oifrj:aO ayj:ckdef:rldof:uGj,Orf. tofclof:cgifpof:rldof:uGj,wduf:wduf:? arjul;vhmvhmaOtrf, arjwSef:? arjbdrfvhmvhmaO trf,arjOlif,? arjtofvhmvhm trf,arjyef/
• ]]arjvmwf;P;q[ckdef; trf,yefbkdef;aOrAof:}}? auj.eh.Orf.ayj: tkyf,vhmvhmsw. pmif;ch;q[;q[;oh. rldefpmif;q[vDej,clof:cgifref:qldof:eef. pof:c[;rldof: tofq[.wkdof: rldof;v[auj;vh;? nj:rldof;pof:trf,rD: trf,wArfxlef;rj:auj; wkdef:oj;awqhg; awbkdef;awyefvh;ul;vgif;ulnf:uj; ayj:xkdifwD;aw.ref:rj:qkdif trf,vh;aOtef arjyef Olyf:yefuGmrf:vhmvhm vmwf; P;yldef;xmif,b[,vhmvhmulnf:/
• ]]arjtkyf,bgif;qgrf:vlrf: Ppof:qlrf:bkdef;P;}}? qldif.eif,uGmrf:wh:pof:oj; ]bgif;udef tmrf:udef}eheef. ayj:tmyf; rldefawvh;udefqgrf: trf,eefayj:vh;udefqgrf: sw.vyf: Nvyf:wjbgif;wduf:wduf: tmrf:wduf:wduf: tkyf,zmof:qgrf: vlrf:wmef,wmef,aO rkdof:sw.Omof:wduf:wduf: wmof:wduf: wduf:/
• ]]rldof;awauj,umefvldif: trf,bldif:tmef:awpmrf;}}? ayj:cof;qkdof;oj; yAefumefphm.umefrlduf; umefvldif:eh.bj,oj;awpmrf; wkdef:bgrf:yAeftlnf:auj.aO qhg;xSrfyefpSif: wj,aO,/
• ]]rldof;rj:yefekdif;Mh. Ohg.rldof:uGj,Omrfcef}}? rldefpmif;rD:erf.q[vDeldofpof: oh.? pAwf:uSif;yj:clof:wgef;tgef,tdwf:tD;aO rj:bkdef;rj:yefbl, ulnf:uj;rD:wmif: rkif;rgif:c[;vh;clof:cgif wD;pof:b[,b[,vlifvlif? clyf,rldof;rldof:ckdef:Orf. awj.tof rldof:uGj,erferf/
• ]]rldof;vDtrf,pefej; qj.rj:qif,xgifuef}}? rldof;vh;vDvh; yAefaOrD:vgif; uwf:bAefbl,eef. trf,wgef.ckuf:q[vh;? zldof,xlyf:wmif:rh;Orf.vSef;rj:pjpof:/
• ]]rldof;vlof,trf,pefej; ohm:rj:tkyf,Oifeef}}? zgif:rldof;pof: vlof,wmif: qhg;xSrf uAof,vlnf;ej;umefaO vgif;vgif;eef. trf,wgef.vh;pef ej;pefwjaOyguf; ulnf:uj; ohm:vifrj:tefyAefauj;ayj:yAefylef.bof.? bof.wlof;uGj,rllwf:bof.eef. Orf.uh.sv, rj:oj; ]Oifeef sw. ... OifuofN.sw. ... uofpAwf:yefvh;bl, uofqhg; yefvh;bl, ...}ehqldof:eh. rj:tgef;ogef:aepmif;zmifoj; ref:yAefulef:q[vD/
• ]]rldof;vhmvhmoj;awqgh; ayj:vlof,rj:arjtD,thg;cif:oj;trf,wef:}}? rldof; tkyf,uefvhmvhmsw. wkdef:wlof;wef:wj,aw qhg;xSrfpof:wj,aO,? vlof,rldof;v[auj; vmwf;rj:? ulnf:uj; ayj:vlof,rj:aw.sw. arjvdif.arjsv, cif:rAof:ekdif;rAof: Ogifpjwmif;so;ySwf;/
• ]]uh.aecldif;clof:r[, P;xmif,b[,cdif:ref:? ayj:bgef:bdrftrf, zgrf.vmwf;uSwf, vgrf.oh:oh:}}? arjtofclof:cgiftefekdif; bof. tefekdif;rj:ae rj:Orf,rj:rSef pAwf:P;pof: xmif,b[,aO bof.y[.uof:tofrldof;pof:xmif,b[,aO ykdif;tdif bgrf:pyf.ref: ulnf:uj; clof:cgiftefref:rD: tefref:uh.rj:aeqldof:eef. wkdef:oj;tef,wgef. yefwkdof:? yef bdrf? yeful;vj:vj:/
• ]]trf,arjwuf.zhm,ej; qmif;sv,cj.ohm:vif}}? rldof;N.rldof;pefpof:vmwf;rSef;? pAwf:rSef;vgif;tef trf,Omif, xkuf,aO teftefeef. trf,wgef.wuf.zhm,ej;? trf,wgef.arj yef'mif.pof:aOtrf,uj: Orf.yhmqmif;arjtofuGj,tkyf,zmof, cj.xkdifqkdof; pof:ohm:vif? pAwf:P;yldef;pefvD ref:aO P;yldef;pefzdwf:pof:/
e[:cofqldof:tef aerj:yj;eldofeh. yAefzmifpmif;tlnf: auj.ygrfvgef.vgef.bof.? Oifoj;vh;tAef;auj.uefwlnf:sv;vh; pefzmifpmif; tlnf:auj.ygrfqldof:eef. tguf,rj:ayj: ehqkdif ykwfx qof;oj; P;so;uhuhehbof./ ref:qof;yefwmif:pefxkdifoh.oj; wlduf; wD;oj;e[:wlif,olif:pdrf:Mrf: qof;uof,eef. pjtlnf:auj.vD trf,rD: ayj:ehqkdif zldof,wj.bl,pif:ulnf: auj.vAofeh.vDaOyldef;eh bof./
zgef:phm.vh;pAwf:auj.ulef:zdwf:
zgef:phm.vliftefvh;pAwf:auj.ulef:zdwf: teftrf,arj vlduf;auj.vD trf,vDeef. yldifwSuf;ref:wlnf:tofckefapjcrf: tqj wOwfwk (tqjwOmwf;) vh;vAef;auj.rSef;qof; awowwfw (qof;awowmwf;) eef.ulnf:auj;N.qSif;vDbl,/ wD;eh;pof:xkuf,vDtofwgef; Ogefqgrf: ckefapjcrf: tqjw Owfwkaw.aw.? ugyf;Oifsv;oj;eef rldof;zgif:eef. zl;tef vDawj,eldofzDeldofulef: tefcmrf,qkef.Okef,wlofaO pAwf:yef zgef:vDykef;wj, aoaebB Owfwoj,wif:OAif; tefrSwf;vldofyldef;wif:OAif; tefMif.oj; OrfrjOrfYkWfxTzj: yAefqof;pof:auj; zkwf:rj:yefrD:bl,wif:wlef? ckdwf:auj;Orf. ckdwf:bl,vDvD awoj;uloftrf, N.quf:Tzj:auj; auj.yAeftl; ref:qof;ckefapjcrf: ydrfydOjIeef. Orf.ayj:yAef tkyjOuj vDvlifTzj:yAefqof;aO xkdifpmef.ayj:vh; aOjwjyefe (aOj: wj,yef,)uGj,ugef,? wmrfwlofref:auj; Oifoj;ref:trf,vh;tof ayj;ref:whref:wkdef: rD:yjIrDtefxkdifyAefvh; aOjwyefeqldif.eif,ayj;ref:qof;eif,uof, pAwf:Oifsv;xkdif wD;ref:qof; Orf.ayj:vh;cjzDayj;qof;auB:ql:ref:qof; awj,xkdifayj;ref:qof;ayj: vh;OAif;Ohmq[uGj,? wlofref:qhm:auj;vh;xkuf,rSef; ydwkcjwuurfraOohm:ref;qof; egef:sz:bof. xkdifwD;vh;wluf:xkdif rldif:iIhm:uGj,ugef,vj,? ayj:xwf:Omifwlnf: vDvDqkdifyduf.Orf.oj; ref:qof;rD:umrf, rD:rkefvDaO vh;rj:uldwf,yAefulef:aOtrf,uj: Orf.yhmvh;rj:uldwf,yAefvkuf;qhm: ckefapjcrf:vlif yAefauj.bl, aOwj.auj;bgef.yldof; oj;pAwf:auj.rSef;ulef:zdwf:? vlduf;nj:tlnf: auj.zdwf:? tlnf:auj.ygrf? ref:qof;trf,arjqSuf,arjvlduf; arjwlnf:Ohmihmulef: z[vDz[rlduf;qArfrldof;ref:qof; yh,vh;ruf:ref;oj;yAefauj.tefukdif, vDbkrf,brfwj,ref:eef.sv; ukdif.uif.bkrf,ihm; aOuGj,bkrf,brfpAwf: auj.rSef;zl;rlduf;vlifawowwfwtef tmif;tofTzj:whmaO tmef: ckdef;yAefTzj:eef.bof./
acj;vlyf:vkdef:
uGmrf;wh:rD:oh.oj;]q[ulef:trf,Nrf;xlnf; urf;zgif;ch;udefulnf;uyf:uldof} ehbof.? ygif,oj;ulef:ekdif;auj.auj;yAefq[ekdif;OAef; wkdef:trf,qmif;rldefuefvh; auj.ekdif;sv;auj.ekdif; yhm:olef.auj;trf,rldefuef? wmif:bmrf;wmif:Olifauj; ySuf,yldif;uef? wmif:pAwf; wmif:Omif;auj;N.wkdef:uGj,uefoh.bl,? ugyf;eefsv; tdifeldof vgif;tef trf,rldefuefeef.aO qif,qmif;rD:rj:vh; ulef:vD ulef:phm.bof./ awj;trf,yh,oj;ulef:auj.ekdif;sv;auj.ekdif; rD:vgif; ySuf,yldif;uefvl:ugef, awj;wlofvAofq[vAoftgef,pof:eh.ulnf:auj; tdifeldofcmof:bmrf: aOsv;Oif? tdifeldofpdrf:Mrf: aOsv;Oif bif:qmif;arj;ydef,ySif;vSuf;vhm;uGj,bl,? ugyf; yldof;wkdef:qmif;rD:vgif; vSuf;vhm;eif,eefsv; vgif;vSuf;vhm;eef. bj,ayP; yAefvgif;vSuf; vhm;tefvkuf.wD;O[aObAef:yAef ckef, P;vh;yAefvgif;vSuf;vhm;tef vkuf.wD;ckef,aObAef:O[aO q[zlduf,qkdef;cmofO[tgef, tefyh,wgef.bmrf;vh;wAef;cgef: qgrf: tlnf:auj.rlduf;vldif:aO bif:wkduf.edrf vDbl,qgef:qgef:eef.sv;Oif? tefwgef.bmrf;vh;ekdifwlif.aO ydofzlif.uGj,qgrf:tlnf: auj.rlduf;r[;qldof:eef.sv;Oif eif,pkdofref: Orf.ayj:awtrf, vh;Ndif;vh;uldif:uGj,ql:tlnf:auj.rlduf; P;Orf. ayj:arjvlduf;uGj, pjNrf;Mrf:vlnf;qgrf:tlnf:auj.vD? tlnf:auj.aw.? tlnf:auj.qSwf; qmif,eef. zl;wSrf;vduf;q[rmif,rkif;rgif:oj; vduf;Mrfwgrftgef, Nofeh.awqhg;yef'mif. rldefeif,vSrfpmof:tgef,ekdif;vSrf;wj, ymif.bdyf:qef yefwmif:urf.xSrf wj,zl; vlvduf;pof:cof P;ayj:qSuf,szvh; auj.v[awtgefvD? auj.v[awtgefcDehaO P;tgef uefrD: wmif:ckdef;b[,r[,Okifvlnf;qgrf: tlnf:auj.vD z[ref:aOurf: vlnf;/ /
zkdeftdif
1. tifukwfwIedujbyjvd tdwf,wD;urf,zjat:wj;ukif;? yD
2. wDcedujbyjvd
3. Orfbkwfwedujbyjvd
4. qlvoufuyjvd
5. xrfrywyjvd
6. ckwfwuedujbyjvd
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9. Dale Carnegie, How to win friends & Influence people, Pocket Books New York London Toronto Sydney, September 1982
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